Cannonball Tree (Couroupita guianensis)

Unique Tropical Beauty with Explosive Fruits

Common Names: Cannonball Tree, Ayahuma, Sal Tree
Family: Lecythidaceae
Origin: Tropical South America

The Cannonball Tree (Couroupita guianensis) is a striking and unusual tropical tree known for its large, spherical fruits that resemble cannonballs, as well as its stunning, fragrant flowers. Native to the rainforests of South America, this tree is both an ornamental wonder and a cultural symbol in regions where it grows. The tree’s large fruits can grow up to 10 inches in diameter and are often seen hanging directly from the trunk on long, woody stems. The vibrant, aromatic flowers bloom year-round, making it a visually captivating addition to any tropical garden or landscape.

Distinctive Features, Uses, and Cultural Significance

Fruits: The Cannonball Tree produces large, round fruits that resemble cannonballs. These fruits are known for their tough exterior and pungent smell when they fall and split open. While not typically consumed by humans due to their strong odor, the fruits are a food source for animals such as monkeys and birds.

Flowers: The tree's flowers are large, vibrant, and fragrant, with shades of pink, red, and yellow. They grow directly from the trunk and branches, giving the tree a unique appearance. The flowers are highly aromatic and often used in religious and cultural ceremonies, particularly in Hindu and Buddhist traditions.

Growth Habit: The Cannonball Tree can grow up to 75 feet tall in tropical environments, with a straight, sturdy trunk and dense canopy of leaves.

Ornamental and Cultural Uses

The Cannonball Tree is primarily grown for its ornamental value, with its striking flowers and unusual fruits making it a conversation piece in any garden or public space. The flowers are often used in religious offerings, especially in India and Southeast Asia, where the tree is revered for its association with spiritual figures.

In South America, the tree is sometimes grown for shade in parks and large gardens. While the fruits are not consumed due to their strong smell, the pulp can be used in traditional remedies to treat skin conditions and wounds.