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Honey Gardens Elderberry Immune Boost Dark is built around two ingredients with specific, documented immune mechanisms: black elderberry (Sambucus nigra, the "Dark" species with the highest anthocyanin concentration of the elderberry genus) and raw honey. Black elderberry anthocyanins — primarily cyanidin-3-glucoside — inhibit viral hemagglutinin, the surface protein viruses use to bind to host cell sialic acid receptors. The "Dark" designation specifically refers to the Sambucus nigra species as opposed to Sambucus canadensis (American elderberry), which has measurably lower cyanidin content. The raw honey component carries its own active antimicrobial compounds: glucose oxidase (a bee enzyme) converts glucose to glucuronic acid and hydrogen peroxide in contact with wound fluids; and defensin-1 (also called royalisin), a bee antimicrobial peptide that remains active even in diluted honey. Honey Gardens has been producing raw honey since 1978 — their honey is not heat-processed, which preserves the glucose oxidase and defensin-1 activity that is destroyed by pasteurization. Vitamin C rounds out the formula as an antioxidant cofactor for immune cell function. 10.1 oz liquid per bottle. Case of 4.
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